A COMPARATIVE PHARMACOGNOSTICAL AND PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF CULTIVATED DANTI (Baliospermum montanum Muell. Arg.) AND ITS MARKET SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM GUJARAT

Abstract

Introduction: Ayurveda has rich heritage of herbal preparations which are extensively used from continues with highly effective results; so whole the industry and intellect are concentrating towards it anxiously. But the deforestation and extinction of many species (biodiversity) and incorrect identification of many plants has been resulted in adulteration and substitution of raw drugs. To recover this factorneeded a major treat in the research on commercial natural products, like to promote the cultivation methods of the green plants. Aim: To evaluate and compare Pharmacognostic and Phytochemical properties of the cultivated sample (from Botanical Garden of Parul University) and market samples (from-Ahmedabad, Vadodara and Surat) of Dantimool (Baliospermum montanum Muell. Arg.’ roots) Objectives: • To collect drug - Dantimool (Baliospermum montanum Muell Arg.’s roots) samples from different markets of Gujarat (Ahmedabad, Vadodara and Surat) and cultivated variety from Botanical Garden of Parul University. • To study all the samples Pharmacognostically & Phytochemically. • To compare all the results with Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India.

Methodology: • The drug Danti-moolsamples were collected from three raw drug markets of Gujarat-Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Surat and also cultivated sample from Parul University Botanical Garden. • The drug was identified authentically at M S Uni, Botanical Department. • All the collected samples were studied Pharmacognostically & Analytically through API and other methods. • I.e. Microscopic, Ash values, Alkaloids,Water and Alcohol Soluble extractive etc. • HPTLC study was done for all the four samples of Drug Dantimool on three Rf values; 254nm, 366nm and 540nm. Results: • In the microscopic study, Sample PU 1 showed all the characters, which are the phloem, xylem, fibres, starch grains, vesells etc. Sample AM 2 and Sample VM 3 also showed the same characters with the presence of pith, while the Sample AM 2 and Sample SM 4 showed trichoms also. • The phytochemical study showed some differences in all samples. • The HPTLC study showed that ; • Maximum 11 peaks were in Samples PU 1 & AM 2 and minimum 3 peaks were in Samples AM 2, VM 3 & SM 4. • In all UV length total peaks of Sample PU 1 – 23, Sample AM 2 – 18, Sample VM 3 – 15 and Sample SM 4 – 13. • These result showed that the cultivated Sample PU 1 contain maximum chemicals in all four samples of Dantimool.

Discussion: • All the results were compared with API for authenticity and also with each other. • The cultivated Sample PU 1 of Dantimool exactly matched with the API standard (Ayurvedic Pharmacopeia of India) at every aspect. • The market Sample AM 2 also matched with API and Sample PU 1 Parameters but it might be the stem portion of the drug Dantimool mixing with the root sample. • The market Sample VM 3 not exactly matched with Sample PU 1 and API, but it has some similarity with them. It might be some mixing of other substances with original drug sample of Dantimool. • The market Sample SM 4 does not match with API standard and not with the other samples of dantimool, it might be due to adulteration of the other drug. Conclusions: After analysing all samples of Dantimool, it can be concluded that; • The Sample of cultivated Dantimool has significant values in comparison to market Samples. • Due to adulteration, the market samples are not to be trusted some time blindly. • So for the therapeutic use of the raw drug, cultivated Dantimool has been more effective and Cultivation may be a good alternate or sourcefor herbal demand. It may be an alarm to save our endangered species.