Abstract:
The aim of the present investigation was to prepare and in vitro characterization of
Adapalene and Nicotinamide topical microemulsion based Gel for treatment of acne
vulgaris and to overcome the drawbacks associated with marketed formulation.
Marketed combination of clindamycin and adapalene as well as clindamycin and
nicotinamide in this propionibacterium acne gets resistance against clindamycin and
also having side effects like skin irritation and dry skin. FTIR spectra indicate that, no
interaction was found between drug and excipients. On the basis of solubility study,
oleic acid, tween 80 and propylene glycol (PG) were selected as oil, surfactant and cosurfactant
respectively for preparation of microemulsion. Pseudoternary phase
diagrams were constructed at various tween 80 and PG ratios. The 3:1 ratio
represented greater area of microemulsification. The optimized microemulsion was
also evaluated for % transmittance, dilutability, pH, viscosity, drug content, drug
release and stability study. The carbopol 934(2%) was selected for preparation of
microemulsion based gel. The developed microemulsion based gel contained
adapalene (0.1%), oleic acid (0.25%w/w), tween 80 and PG(60%w/w, 3:1), Water
(37.5%w/w) Nicotinamide (4%) and carbopol 934 (2%) and it was evaluated for viscosity, spreadability, drug content, drug release and skin irritancy. The mechanism
of drug release of Adapalene and Nicotinamide from microemulsion based gel was
observed to follow zero order kinetics.
